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Foreword

The Kaurna
   Skillogolee Creek
   Before Settlement
   Tribal Organisation
   Population
   Nantowarra
   Sexual Relations
   European Views
   Footnotes

Kudnarto
   Warrawarra
   Birth Date
   Names
   Footnotes

Early Years
   Daily Life
   Child Rearing
   Food
   Food Gathering
   Shelter
   Gatherings
   Education
   Cooking
   Fire
   Tanning
   Games
   Schools
   Footnotes

Marriage
   Puberty
   Ceremony
   Sexual Relations
   Footnotes

Settlement
   John Hill
   Horrocks
   Rape
   Surveying
   Stanley County
   Skillogolee Creek
   Auburn
   Watervale
   Penwortham
   Emu Plains
   Clare
   Bundaleer
   Footnotes

Land Grants
   The Protector
   The Reality
   Early Days
   Land Selection
   Land Holdings
   Land Usage
   Racial Theories
   Footnotes

Shepherds
   Tensions
   Killing
   Double Standards
   More Killing
   Harem Life
   Prostitution
   Ferguson's Place
   Deserting Husbands
   Rape
   Sex and Sheep
   Footnotes

Adams
   Problems
   Adams' Birth
   Humberstone
   The Adams Family
   Ann Mason
   Edward Adams
   Conditions
   Labourer's Life
   Footnotes

Literacy
   Was he literate?
   Writing Skills
   Graphology
   Hale
   Evidence
   School
   Other People
   Adams' Letters
   Footnotes

Childhood
   A Carpenter?
   Birth Information
   Van Dieman's Land
   South Australia
   Port Adelaide
   Emigration Agents
   Sheep
   Labourer's Lot
   Crystal Brook
   Footnotes

Engagement
   Notice
   Reasons
   Feelings
   Minor
   Engagement
   Drinking Problems
   Footnotes

Wedding
   Registry Office
   Established View
   Kudnarto's Dress
   High Fashion
   Wedding Ceremony
   Footnotes

Land
   Land Please
   Lodgement
   I have a dream
   Opposition
   Processing
   Approval
   The Licence
   Notification
   Scams
   Footnotes

Farming
   The House
   Who Gains
   Farming Capital
   Reality sets in
   Tom
   Murray
   Inheritance
   Footnotes

Copper
   Port Henry
   Bullock Drays
   Watering Holes
   Gold
   Skilly Creek
   Footnotes

Murder

The Trial

Skilly Creek
   Money Problems
   Leasing
   Tim
   Eviction
   Problems
   Separation
   Sharefarming
   Footnotes

Death
   Single Life
   Kudnarto's Death
   Loss of Land
   Poonindie
   Footnotes

Land Claim
   Unresolved Issues
   Terra Nullius
   Land Conflict
   Subtext
   Licence
   Promises
   The Facts
   Footnotes

Epilogue
   Significance
   At One

Biographies
   People
   Hotels

Letters
   Adams' Letters
   Replies

Handwriting
   Dissection
   Tabulation
   Analysis

Police Court

Trial Report

The Civilising
   1840
   White Women
   Contact
   Missionary activity
   Footnotes
   Bibliography

1860 Report
   1860
   Report Origins
   Attitudes
   Infanticide
   Sterility
   Promiscuity
   Health
   Gender Imbalance
   Blame the victims
   British Law
   Land Loss
   Social Alienation
   Tokenism
   Conclusions
   Footnotes
   Bibliography

Tom & Tim
   Introduction
   Poonindie
   Footnotes

Bibliography
   Primary Sources
   Secondary Sources

KUDNARTO

by

BILL WOERLEE

 

In loving memory of my mother-in-law
Anaseini Didrua Barrack

 

Aids to reading

E-Books have a great ability to be more interactive than paper books although this is at the cost of not being able to curl up with a book on a cold winter's day. To help the reader, a number of devices have been employed.

  • There are three methods for navigating this site. On the left is a Java Script navigation bar which drills down to sub-topics. Click on the triangle and a sub-menu will drop down. If you do not have a Java enabled browser, there is a drop down navigation dialogue box at the bottom of each page. Finally, there are buttons that will take you between chapters and return you to this page where there is also an index.
  • Every person mentioned in the story is linked to a brief biography of that person. Because of the availability of information, the length and depth of biographical information varies. If you access this biographical information, you can return back to the text from were you called up the biography. This is so you never lose your place.
  • Each footnote has both a popout with the information contained within it. In addition, if you click on the footnote number you will be taken to the end of the page with the reference. You can return back to the text by another click.
  • The chapters relating to Murder and Trial have the original source attached as appendices. Since the original sources were trial transcripts, the information is disjointed. The chapters have placed all the information into a single chronological order which allows you to read the story as it actually unfolded. Footnote references go straight to the newspaper report where the passage is to be found. You can return back to your text with a click.
  • The appendices contain all the primary source documents upon which this biography is based. There is a complete set of known correspondence between Thomas Adams and the authorities. In addition there are the newspaper reports on the trial of Yates. These items have been included to assist people in locating primary source material should they wish to go to the archives. At least there is a starting point.
  • If you wish to read the whole book in text form, you can open it by left clicking your mouse on KUDNARTO - TEXT VERSION and or right clicking your mouse and select Save Target As ... on the dialogue box. The whole file will download in a .txt format.
It is hoped that these steps make your reading experience an enjoyble and interesting occasion. Feel free to write your comments. Click on the Webmaster below and you can send an email.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Acknowledgements
Foreword
Chapter 1   ~ The Kaurna
Chapter 2   ~ Kudnarto
Chapter 3   ~ Kudnato's early life
Chapter 4   ~ Kudnarto's First Marriage
Chapter 5   ~ European Settlement
Chapter 6   ~ Aboriginal Land Grants
Chapter 7   ~ Shepherds and Their Flocks
Chapter 8   ~ Thomas Adams
Chapter 9   ~ Adams' Literacy
Chapter 10 ~ The Early Years of Adams
Chapter 11 ~ Announcing the Engagement
Chapter 12 ~ The Wedding
Chapter 13 ~ The Land Grant
Chapter 14 ~ Farming the Land
Chapter 15 ~ Burra Copper
Chapter 16 ~ Murder
Chapter 17 ~ The Trial
Chapter 18 ~ Back to Skilly Creek
Chapter 19 ~ Kudnarto's Death
Chapter 20 ~ Land Claim
Chapter 21 ~ Epilogue
Appendix 1 ~ Biographical Notes
Appendix 2 ~ Correspondence
Appendix 3 ~ Handwriting Analysis
Appendix 4 ~ Police Court
Appendix 5 ~ Trial Report
Appendix 6 ~ The Civilising
Appendix 7 ~ 1860 Report
Appendix 8 ~ Tom & Tim Adams
Bibliography

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Acknowledgements

In producing this book, there are many people who have been involved in the production process.

Firstly, I would like to thank all those people from the Adelaide community who assisted and encouraged me in every way to put this work together. More specifically, the good people who make up the Meewee Community Coalition Inc. and especially the calm leadership of Donny Smith.

Next is the support from the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies. They have generously provided a grant to allow this book to be finished. Also various staff members have been very helpful with their suggestions and this was always greatly appreciated.

Thanks must also be given to the South Australian Archives and the Mortlock Library who gave me complete assistance whenever required. Regardless of their limited resources, the staff have always been happy and cheerful to render any assistance I could possibly require.

Appreciation is also given to Mrs Janette C. Shepherd the Assistant Keeper of Archives at Leicestershire County Council Record Office who was only too happy to assist me from such a great distance in giving me profiles of Leicester as it was last century.

Furthermore, Dr Andrew White, the Curator of Lancaster City Council Museum Services has also rendered useful service.

Additional research on Adams and Yates was made possible by the assistance of the Archives of Tasmania.

The inspiration for the book came from Dr Robert Foster from the History Department at the University of Adelaide. Added to this was the encouragement received from Philip Morrissey, formerly the Director of Aboriginal Programs at the University of Adelaide and now a lecturer in English at Melbourne University.

I must give thanks to Peter Vervoorn whose suggestions were always helpful and very appreciated.

Finally, and most importantly, I must give the greatest thanks to my former wife, Luisa Waqa O'Connor whose untiring encouragement gave me the strength to research and write despite the turmoil of daily life going on around me.

 

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Assignment of Copyright

Take Note

As from 27 January 2000, I hereby assign all copy rights that pertain to this book to my dear daughter Lara from this day forth.

Happy Birthday Lara

Bill Woerlee
27 January 2000

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Material

Section 346
Skillogolee Creek
The house that Thomas Adams built
Skillogolee Creek
The first letter of Thomas Adams from
Skillogolee Creek